Genetic engineering of nitrogen fixation is made difficult by the fact that it :
1. is a complex process involving many enzymes
2. is a process that is partly anaerobic
3. involves about 15 genes (the Nif Genes)
4. All of these
Which of the following genetically modified product is used to dissolve blood clots in patients of coronary Thrombotic stroke?
(1) streptokinase
(2) urokinase
(3) tPA
(4) heparin
The genetically engineered vaccine for the prevention of hepatitis B is made with the help of the microbe :
1. | E.coli | 2. | Agrobacterium |
3. | Saccharomyces | 4. | Pseudomonas |
Which of the following genetic disease would be amenable to genetic engineering?
1. | Down's syndrome | 2. | Muscular dystrophy |
3. | Cystic fibrosis | 4. | Cri du Chat |
Using recombinant DNA technology, genes from a donor cell can be implanted into a bacterium for DNA replication and protein synthesis. The kind of cell(s) that can be used as gene donors in this technology is/are:
1. Bacteria only
2. Either yeast or bacteria only
3. Eukaryotic cells only
4. Any kind of cell
In situ hybridization is used to :
1. | Remove mutations from a chromosome |
2. | Remove plasmids from a cell |
3. | Clone a gene |
4. | Locate a gene on a chromosome |
The "Southern" technique involves:
1. | the detection of DNA fragments on membranes by specific radioactive antibodies. |
2. | the detection of proteins on membranes using a radioactive DNA probe. |
3. | the detection of DNA fragments on membranes by a radioactive DNA probe. |
4. | the detection of proteins on membranes using specific radioactive antibodies. |
DNA from a eukaryotic organism is digested with a restriction endonuclease and the resulting fragments are cloned into a plasmid vector. Bacteria transformed by these plasmids collectively contain all of the genes of the organism. This culture of bacteria is referred to as :
1. | restriction map | 2. | RFLP profile |
3. | F' factor | 4. | library |
The first drug produced using recombinant DNA technology is used to treat:
1. | haemophilia | 2. | dwarfism |
3. | immunodeficiency | 4. | diabetes |
Which gene transfer technique involves the use of a fatty bubble to carry a gene into a somatic cell?
1. electroporation
2. liposome transfer
3. microinjection
4. particle bombardment
Prior to the production of recombinant human insulin, diabetic patients could use insulin isolated from cattle. Which of the listed items would not be a drawback to this procedure?
1. | Insulin from cattle is slightly different from human insulin, potentially leading to allergic reactions. |
2. | Members of some religions consider cattle sacred and thus are unable to use insulin isolated from cattle. |
3. | Infectious diseases may be transferred in the isolated insulin. |
4. | Despite the relatively stable supply of cattle pancreases from slaughterhouses, insulin isolated from cattle is still relatively expensive and is in, somewhat, limited supply. |
In gene knockout technology:
1. | A gene is inserted by nonhomologous recombination. |
2. | A mutant gene is replaced by a functional copy. |
3. | A functional gene is replaced by a mutant copy. |
4. | A functional gene is inserted in addition to the mutant copy. |
Which of these uses of transgenic technology is not directly relevant to agricultural applications?
1. | Production of a pharmaceutical protein in goat's milk. |
2. | Production of salmon that grow all year round instead of just in warm weather. |
3. | Production of soybean plants that are resistant to herbicides. |
4. | Production of "super mice" that carry the human growth hormone gene. |
Which of these is an accurate description of gene therapy?
1. | A form of site directed mutagenesis. |
2. | Introduction of cloned genes into living cells to cure disease. |
3. | Cloning of a disease gene in order to understand the disease. |
4. | All of these. |
In the first gene cloning experiment:
1. | Researchers successfully identified a human gene responsible for the disease. |
2. | Researchers successfully inserted a gene for kanamycin resistance into a plasmid vector. |
3. | Researchers demonstrated that many different DNA fragments could insert into a plasmid vector |
4. | Researchers produced a strain of bacteriophage with an increased ability to infect E. coli. |
A danger of genetic engineering is that the genetically modified bacterium can escape the lab and infect humans. This possibility can best be prevented by:
(1) selecting a mutant form of the bacteria
(2) selecting a live attenuated bacterium
(3) application of stringent asepsis in the lab
(4) prophylactically immunising the persons working in the lab
If you are using a vector with lacZ as a screenable marker, which of the following bacterial strains would you want to use as host cells?
1. lacO-
2. lacI-
3. lacZ-
4. Any of these would work.
Which of the enzymes whose recognition sites are shown here would produce sticky ends compatible with BstAUI (5'-G|GTACC-3')?
1. Bcl I (5'-T|GATCA-3')
2. Sun I (5'-C|GTACG-3')
3. Hind III (5'-A|AGCTT-3')
4. Kpn I (5'-GGTAC|C-3')
Which of the following would NOT be a useful selectable marker?
1. | A gene encoding a protein that degrades the antibiotic ampicillin. |
2. | A gene encoding a protein that allows the cell to synthesize histidine. |
3. | A gene encoding a protein that is an essential structural component of the cell. |
4. | All of these are useful selectable markers. |
Diseases amenable to treatment by gene therapy:
1. Must be relatively mild.
2. Must be caused by a defect in cells that are clinically accessible.
3. Must have other types of treatments available in case gene therapy fails.
4. Must lower the humoral and cell mediated immune responses
One possible use of transgenic plants is in the production of human proteins, such as vaccines. Which of the following is a possible hindrance that must be overcome?
1. | prevention of transmission of plant allergens to the vaccine recipients |
2. | prevention of vaccine-containing plants being consumed by insects |
3. | use of plant cells to translate non-plant derived mRNA |
4. | inability of the human digestive system to accept plant-derived protein |
Which of the following is one of the technical reasons why gene therapy is problematic?
1. | Most cells with an engineered gene do not produce gene products. |
2. | Most cells with engineered genes overwhelm other cells in a tissue. |
3. | Cells with transferred genes are unlikely to replicate. |
4. | Transferred genes may not have appropriately controlled activity. |
What is the most logical sequence of steps for splicing foreign DNA into a plasmid and inserting the plasmid into a bacterium?
I. | Transform bacteria with recombinant DNA molecule. |
II. | Cut the plasmid DNA using restriction enzymes. |
III. | Extract plasmid DNA from bacterial cells. |
IV. | Hydrogen-bond the plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA fragments. |
V. | Use ligase to seal plasmid DNA to non-plasmid DNA. |
1. I, II, IV, III, V
2. II, III, V, IV, I
3. III, II, IV, V, I
4. III, IV, V, I, II
How is human insulin synthesized using recombinant DNA technology?
1. | By using chemically synthesized DNA sequences for the two chains separately |
2. | By isolating DNA from the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas |
3. | By using cDNA for insulin |
4. | By using chemically synthesized DNA sequences for the complete insulin protein |
In attempts to confer special characteristics upon plants, genetic engineers find Agrobacterium tumefaciens to be an effective vector for use with
1. corn
2. rice
3. wheat
4. soy beans