A person gets infected by a pathogen and is now recovering from the disease. The type of immunity developed would be:
1. | naturally acquired active immunity |
2. | artificially acquired active immunity |
3. | artificially acquired passive immunity |
4. | naturally acquired passive immunity |
The class of immunoglobulins that attach to mast cells and basophils to initiate an inflammatory response are:
1. | IgA | 2. | IgM |
3. | IgG | 4. | IgE |
The cells responsible for humoral adaptive immune responses proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells in the:
1. | liver | 2. | bloodstream |
3. | lymph nodes | 4. | red pulp of the spleen |
The CD8 T lymphocytes destroy their target cells by releasing a substance that affects:
1. | cell membranes | 2. | lysosomes |
3. | ribosomes | 4. | DNA molecules |
CD4 and CD8 proteins can be best described as:
1. | attachment proteins on the surfaces of helper-T and cytotoxic T-cells |
2. | different protein chains seen in IgG and IgM antibodies |
3. | proteins on microbes that identify them as foreign |
4. | the proteins that antigen-presenting cells display along with foreign antigens |
An antibody molecule has an antigen-binding site located in the:
1. | hinge region |
2. | disulfide bonds |
3. | constant region of the L chains |
4. | variable regions of the H and L chains |
An immune process where particles such as bacteria are targeted for destruction by an immune cell known as a phagocyte is called as:
1. | chemotaxis | 2. | opsonization |
3. | cloning | 4. | anergy |
Where do the T-lymphocytes develop the ability to recognize self from non-self antigens?
1. | plasma cells | 2. | spleen |
3. | thymus | 4. | liver |
Which of the following would be true for innate immunity?
1. | each time the body is exposed to a substance, the response is the same. |
2. | specificity and memory are involved. |
3. | the body may become immune to a disease. |
4. | antibodies may be produced. |
A part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear microbes and damaged cells from an organism, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane is called as:
1. | complement | 2. | interferon |
3. | lysozyme | 4. | mucus |