1. | Primary productivity - Varies in different types of ecosystems |
2. | GPP - Available biomass for the consumption to herbivores |
3. | 55 billion tons - Annual NPP of oceans |
4. | Secondary productivity - Rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers |
1. | Sun is the source of energy |
2. | Begins with consumers |
3. | Major conduit for energy flow in aquatic ecosystems |
4. | Size of organisms commonly increase at higher trophic levels |
Assertion (A): | In an ecosystem, organisms are linked through food chains and food webs. |
Reason (R): | No energy that is trapped into an organism remains in it forever. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
3. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
1. | Primary production | 2. | Primary productivity |
3. | Secondary production | 4. | Secondary productivity |
Assertion (A): | Heterotrophs generally have high energy conversion efficiencies when compared to those of plants. |
Reason (R): | At higher trophic levels, the respiratory costs are dramatically reduced. |
1. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (R) |
3. | Both (A) and (R) are True and but (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
Assertion (A): | Most ecosystems would vanish if the sun were not, continuously, providing energy to the Earth. |
Reason (R): | Ecosystems and living organisms defy second law of thermodynamics. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A). |
2. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A). |
Statement A: | Detritus is raw material for decomposition. |
Statement B: | Detritus food chain does not involve autotrophs. |