Statement A: | Fatty acids are first converted to phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) before entering the glycolytic pathway. |
Statement B: | Glycerol undergoes β-oxidation to form acetyl-CoA, which then enters the citric acid cycle. |
1. | Both Statement A and Statement B are correct. |
2. | Both Statement A and Statement B are incorrect. |
3. | Statement A is correct, but Statement B is incorrect. |
4. | Statement A is incorrect, but Statement B is correct. |
1. | The TCA cycle begins with the condensation of the acetyl group with oxaloacetic acid (OAA) to form citric acid, catalyzed by citrate synthase. |
2. | The TCA cycle involves three steps where NAD⁺ is reduced to NADH + H⁺ and one step where FAD⁺ is reduced to FADH₂. |
3. | During the conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinic acid, ATP is synthesized directly through substrate-level phosphorylation. |
4. | The continuous functioning of the TCA cycle depends on the regeneration of oxaloacetic acid as well as NAD⁺ and FAD⁺ from NADH and FADH₂. |
Assertion (A): | Oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane. |
Reason (R): | The inner mitochondrial membrane is permeable to protons. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A) |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A) |
3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
Statement I: | Pyruvate is decarboxylated to acetyl CoA in the cytoplasm |
Statement II: | Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle to produce ATP. |
1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct |
2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect |
3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct |
4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect |
A. | Final acceptor of electrons |
B. | Final acceptor of protons |
Assertion (A): | Fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration where glucose is partially oxidized to produce energy. |
Reason (R): | Fermentation results in the production of ethanol or lactic acid without the use of oxygen. |
1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
3. | (A) is True, (R) is False. |
4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
I: | less than 7 percent of energy in glucose is released. |
II: | all energy released is trapped as high energy bonds of ATP. |
I: | Complex I is NADH dehydrogenase |
II: | Complex II is succinate dehydrogenase |
III: | Complex III is cytochrome b6f complex. |