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Q. No.The increase in osmolarity from outer to inner medullary interstitium is maintained due to:
i.
Close proximity between Henle's loop and vasa recta
ii.
Counter current mechanism
iii.
Selective secretion of HCO3¯ and hydrogen ions in PCT
iv.
Higher blood pressure in glomerular capillaries
1. Only (ii)
2. (iii) and (iv)
3. (i), (ii), and (iii)
4. (i) and (ii)
1. Only (ii)
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine: I |
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Select the correct statement:
| 1. | Atrial Natriuretic Factor increases the blood pressure. |
| 2. | Angiotensin II is a powerful vasodilator. |
| 3. | Counter current pattern of blood flow is not observed in vasa recta. |
| 4. | Reduction in Glomerular Filtration Rate activates JG cells to release renin. |
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
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Which of the following would help in prevention of diuresis?
| 1. | Reabsorption of Na+ and water from renal tubules due to aldosterone |
| 2. | Atrial natriuretic factor causes vasoconstriction |
| 3. | Decrease in the secretion of renin by JG cells |
| 4. | More water reabsorption due to under secretion of ADH |
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
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Presence of which of the following conditions in urine is indicative of Diabetes Mellitus:
1. Uremia and Renal Calculi
2. Ketonuria and Glycosuria
3. Renal Calculi and Hyperglycaemia
4. Uremia and Ketonuria
Subtopic: Micturition Reflex |
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Nitrogenous waste is excreted in the form of pellet or paste by:
| 1. | Pavo | 2. | Ornithorhynchus |
| 3. | Salamandra | 4. | Hippocampus |
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
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Which one of the following hormones reduces blood pressure?
1. Antidiuretic hormone
2. Atrial Natriuretic factor
3. Aldosterone
4. Angiotensin-II
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
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Terrestrial adaptations necessitated the production of :
| 1. | Highly toxic nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid |
| 2. | Lesser toxic nitrogenous wastes like urea and uric acid |
| 3. | Lesser toxic nitrogenous wastes like ammonia and urea |
| 4. | Highly toxic nitrogenous wastes like ammonia and urea |
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
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Select the correct statements.
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
1. (a), (b) and (e) only
2. (c), (d) and (e) only
3. (b), (c) and (d) only
4. (a), (b) and (c) only
| a. | Angiotensin II activates the cortex of adrenal gland to release aldosterone. |
| b. | Aldosterone leads to increase in blood pressure. |
| c. | ANF acts as a check on renin-angiotensin mechanism. |
| d. | ADH causes vasodilation. |
| e. | Vasopressin is released from adenohypophysis. |
Choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below :
1. (a), (b) and (e) only
2. (c), (d) and (e) only
3. (b), (c) and (d) only
4. (a), (b) and (c) only
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
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Given below are statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| Assertion (A): | Nephrons are of two types: Cortical & Juxta medullary, based on their relative position in cortex and medulla. |
| Reason (R): | Juxta medullary nephrons have short-loop of Henle whereas, cortical nephrons have longer loop of Henle. |
| 1. | (A) is False, (R) is True. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain(A). |
| 4. | (A) is True, (R) is False. |
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
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Which of the following statements are correct?
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
| A: | An excessive loss of body fluid from the body switches off osmoreceptors. |
| B: | ADH facilitates water reabsorption to prevent diuresis. |
| C: | ANF causes vasodilation. |
| D: | ADH causes increase in blood pressure. |
| E: | ADH is responsible for decrease in GFR. |
| 1. | C, D and E only | 2. | A and B only |
| 3. | B, C and D only | 4. | A, B and E only |
Subtopic: Osmoregulation | Disorders of Excretory System |
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