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Q. No.In human blood, plasma constitutes nearly 55% of total blood volume and contains major plasma proteins such as albumins, globulins and fibrinogen that together help in:
1.
Osmotic balance, defence and clotting respectively
2.
Gas exchange, buffering and clotting respectively
3.
Immunity, lipid transport and enzyme activation respectively
4.
Blood pressure regulation, oxygen transport and coagulation respectively
Subtopic: Blood: General Description & RBC |
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Level 1: 80%+
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Lymph differs from plasma mainly in having:
| 1. | More fibrinogen and platelets |
| 2. | Less protein content and absence of RBCs |
| 3. | More proteins and absence of WBCs |
| 4. | Equal protein and higher calcium concentration |
Subtopic: Lymph |
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Which one of the following sequences correctly represents the flow of blood through the human heart beginning with the vena cava?
| 1. | Vena cava → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Aorta → Lungs → Right atrium → Right ventricle |
| 2. | Vena cava → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Pulmonary veins → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Aorta |
| 3. | Vena cava → Right atrium → Pulmonary vein → Left atrium → Aorta |
| 4. | Pulmonary veins → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Aorta |
Subtopic: Human Heart: Double Circulation |
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The presence of double circulation in mammals and birds ensures that:
| 1. | Mixing of oxygen-poor and oxygen-rich blood occurs |
| 2. | Blood passes once through the heart in one cycle |
| 3. | Oxygenated and deoxygenated blood are completely separated |
| 4. | Blood pressure remains the same in pulmonary and systemic circuits |
Subtopic: Human Heart: Double Circulation | Circulatory Pathways |
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The normal sequence of cardiac excitation in humans is:
| 1. | SA node → Bundle of His → AV node |
| 2. | AV node → SA node → Purkinje fibres |
| 3. | Purkinje fibres → Bundle of His → SA node |
| 4. | SA node → AV node → Bundle of His → Purkinje fibres |
Subtopic: Human Heart: Gross Anatomy | Human Heart: Cardiac Cycle |
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Cardiac output in a normal adult at rest (heart rate = 72 beats/min; stroke volume = 70 mL) will be approximately:
| 1. | 8400 mL min⁻¹ | 2. | 144 mL min⁻¹ |
| 3. | 7200 mL min⁻¹ | 4. | 5040 mL min⁻¹ |
Subtopic: Human Heart: Cardiac Cycle |
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During an emergency, sympathetic stimulation to the heart increases cardiac output because it:
| 1. | Decreases heart rate but increases stroke volume |
| 2. | Increases both heart rate and stroke volume by enhancing excitability and contractility |
| 3. | Decreases end-diastolic volume and increases end-systolic volume |
| 4. | Reduces coronary blood flow leading to stronger contraction |
Subtopic: Regulation of Cardiac Activity |
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Study the hints given below and identify the blood cell shown in the figure:
Hint 1: It is a granulocyte; the granules are acidophilic
Hint 2: The bilobed nucleus is very characteristic
Hint 3: It is involved in allergic responses and also fights worm colonisation
1. Neutrophil
2. Basophil
3. Eosinophil
4. B lymphocyte
Hint 1: It is a granulocyte; the granules are acidophilic
Hint 2: The bilobed nucleus is very characteristic
Hint 3: It is involved in allergic responses and also fights worm colonisation
1. Neutrophil
2. Basophil
3. Eosinophil
4. B lymphocyte
Subtopic: Blood: White Blood Cells |
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Consider the following statements about regulation of cardiac activity:
1. Only Statement I is correct
2. Only Statement II is correct
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
| Statement I: | Normal activities of the heart are auto-regulated by nodal tissue, hence called myogenic. |
| Statement II: | Sympathetic nerves increase the rate of heart beat and cardiac output. |
2. Only Statement II is correct
3. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
4. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
Subtopic: Regulation of Cardiac Activity |
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Level 1: 80%+
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Read the following passage and answer the question:
A 55-year-old patient visited the doctor complaining of acute chest pain. The doctor explained that this symptom appears when not enough oxygen is reaching the heart muscle. The condition is more common among middle-aged and elderly individuals and occurs due to factors that affect blood flow to the heart. The patient was advised to undergo further cardiac evaluation and make lifestyle changes.
What is the medical term for the condition described above?
1. Hypertension
2. Angina
3. Heart failure
4. Coronary artery disease
A 55-year-old patient visited the doctor complaining of acute chest pain. The doctor explained that this symptom appears when not enough oxygen is reaching the heart muscle. The condition is more common among middle-aged and elderly individuals and occurs due to factors that affect blood flow to the heart. The patient was advised to undergo further cardiac evaluation and make lifestyle changes.
What is the medical term for the condition described above?
1. Hypertension
2. Angina
3. Heart failure
4. Coronary artery disease
Subtopic: DISORDERS OF CIRCULATORY SYSTEM |
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