| 1. | 10 | 2. | 9 |
| 3. | 25 | 4. | 15 |
| Scientist | Contribution | |
| I: | Connell | Competitive release |
| II: | Gauss | Competitive exclusion principle |
| III: | MacArthur | Resource partitioning |
| IV: | Tillman | Rivet popper hypothesis |
| 1. | Competition | 2. | Brood parasitism |
| 3. | Commensalism | 4. | Predation |
| 1. | Organism | 2. | Population |
| 3. | Species | 4. | Biological community |
| Assertion (A): | The tiger census in our national parks and tiger reserves is often based on pug marks and fecal pellets. |
| Reason (R): | For ecological investigations, it is mandatory to know the absolute population densities in all instances. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 2. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 1. | differences among similar species whose distributions overlap geographically are accentuated in regions where the species co-occur, but are minimized or lost where the species' distributions do not overlap. |
| 2. | two species which compete for the same limited resource cannot coexist at constant population values. |
| 3. | there is an expansion of the range of a species when a competitor for its niche is removed. |
| 4. | there is a division of limited resources by species to help avoid competition in an ecological niche. |
| 1. | Lag phase | 2. | Deceleration phase |
| 3. | Asymptote | 4. | Sudden crash phase |
| Assertion (A): | The female anopheles mosquito is not considered a parasite |
| Reason (R): | The bite of the female anopheles mosquito injects infective stage of malarial parasite into human blood |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False |
| I: | The life cycles of endoparasites are more complex than that of the ectoparasites. |
| II: | The morphological and anatomical features of endoparasites are greatly simplified. |
| 1. | Both I and II are correct and II explains I |
| 2. | Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I |
| 3. | I is correct but II is incorrect |
| 4. | Both I and II are incorrect |