| A. | Companion cells help in maintaining the pressure gradient in the sieve tubes. |
| B. | Gymnosperms lack vessels in their xylem |
| C. | The xylem vessels are devoid of cytoplasm |
| D. | Xylem fibres may be septate or aseptate |
| E. | A mature sieve element in phloem possesses cytoplasm, vacuole and nucleus. |

| Statements A: | The epidermis is a single-layered structure made up of compactly arranged cells with a large nucleus and no vacuole. |
| Statements B: | The cuticle is a waxy layer present on the outer surface of the epidermis that helps in reducing water loss. |
| Statements C: | Stomata are structures present in the epidermis of leaves that regulate transpiration and gaseous exchange. |
| Statements D: | The guard cells of all plants are bean-shaped and regulate the opening and closing of stomata. |
| 1. | They are elongated cells with thickened lignified cell walls. |
| 2. | They are dead cells that provide structural support. |
| 3. | They are elongated cells with unevenly thickened non-lignified cell walls. |
| 4. | They contain chloroplasts and primarily function in storage. |
| Statement I: | Parenchyma cells are loosely packed and have large intercellular spaces. |
| Statement II: | Collenchyma cells are thin-walled and primarily serve to transport nutrients. |
| 1. | Only Statement I is correct. |
| 2. | Only Statement II is correct. |
| 3. | Both Statement I and Statement II are correct. |
| 4. | Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect |

| A: | more stomata in adaxial epidermis. |
| B: | reticulate venation. |
| a. | Hypodermis has collenchymatous cells. |
| b. | Endodermis is the ‘starch sheath’. |
| c. | Pericycle is parenchymatous. |
| Assertion (A): | Grasses can regenerate parts lost due to grazing herbivores. |
| Reason (R): | Grasses have secondary meristems like intercalary meristem. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) explains (A) |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not explain (A) |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False |
| 4. | (A) is False but (R) is True |
| I: | Sclerenchymatous pericycle |
| II: | Casparian strips in endodermis are very common |
| III: | Collechymatous hypodermis |
| IV: | Conjoint open vascular bundles with exarch protoxylem |
| 1. | 4 | 2. | 3 |
| 3. | 2 | 4. | 1 |