In an unbiased p-n junction electrons diffuse from the n-region to the p-region because:
1. electrons travel across the junction due to potential difference
2. electron concentration in the n-region is more as compared to that in the p-region
3. only electrons move from the n to p region and not the vice-versa.
4. holes in the p-region attract them

Subtopic:  PN junction |
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The \(V\text-I\) characteristic of a diode is shown in the figure. The ratio of forward to reverse bias resistance is:

1. \(10\)
2. \(10^{-6}\)
3. \(100\)
4. \(10^6\)
Subtopic:  PN junction |
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What is the conductivity of a semiconductor sample having electron concentration of \(5\times10^{18}~\text{m}^{-3},\) hole concentration of \(5\times10^{19}~\text{m}^{-3},\) electron mobility of \(2.0~\text{m}^2~\text{V}^{-1}\text{s}^{-1}\) and hole mobility of \(0.01~\text{m}^2\text{V}^{-1}~\text{s}^{-1}?\) 
(Take charge of an electron as \(1.6\times10^{-19}~\text{C})\)
1. \(0.59~(\Omega\text-\text{m})^{-1}\)
2. \(1.20~(\Omega\text-\text{m})^{-1}\)
3. \(1.68~(\Omega\text-\text{m})^{-1}\)
4. \(1.83~(\Omega\text-\text{m})^{-1}\)
Subtopic:  Types of Semiconductors |
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In the given circuit the current through the Zener diode is:
                                           
1. \(3.3~\text{mA}\)
2. \(2.5~\text{mA}\)
3. \(5.5~\text{mA}\)
4. \(6.7~\text{mA}\)
Subtopic:  Applications of PN junction |
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\(\mathrm{Ge ~and ~Si}\) diodes start conducting at \(0.3~\text{V}~\text{and}~0.7~\text{V}\) respectively. In the following figure if \(\mathrm{Ge}\) diode connection are reversed, the value of \({V}_0\) changes by:
(assume that the \(\mathrm{Ge}\) diode has a large breakdown voltage) 
    
1. \(0.8~\text{V}\)
2. \(0.6~\text{V}\)
3. \(0.2~\text{V}\)
4. \(0.4~\text{V}\)
Subtopic:  Applications of PN junction |
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To get output \('1’\) at \(R, \) for the given logic gate circuit the input values must be:
                                  
1. \(X = 0, Y = 1 \)
2. \(X = 1, Y = 1 \)
3. \(X = 1, Y = 0 \)
4. \(X = 0, Y = 0 \)
 
Subtopic:  Logic gates |
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The value of power dissipated across the Zener diode \((V_z=15~\text{V})\) connected in the circuit as shown in the figure is: 

 
1. \(0.5~\text{W}\)
2. \(1.5~\text{W}\)
3. \(3.5~\text{W}\)
4. \(4.0~\text{W}\)
Subtopic:  Applications of PN junction |
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In the logic circuit shown in the figure, if input \(A\) and \(B\) are \(0\) to \(1\) respectively, then the output at \(Y\) :

 
1. maybe \(0\)
2. must be \(0\)
3. maybe \(1\)
4. must be \(1\)
Subtopic:  Logic gates |
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The following logic gate is equivalent to:

1. NAND gate
2. AND gate
3. NOR gate
4. OR gate
Subtopic:  Logic gates |
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The logic gate equivalent to the given circuit diagram is:
1. OR 2. NOR
3. NAND 4. AND
Subtopic:  Logic gates |
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