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Q. No.Consider the given two statements:
Assertion (A):
Urea is the primary nitrogenous waste in humans.
Reason (R):
It is less toxic and more soluble in water compared to ammonia.
1.
Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2.
Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
3.
(A) is True but (R) is False.
4.
(A) is False but (R) is True.
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
52%
Level 3: 35%-60%
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Where, within the loop of Henle, do you expect that the fluid will be most concentrated?
1. In the ascending limb
2. In the descending limb
3. At the hairpin bend
4. Just when it is joining the distal convoluted tubule
1. In the ascending limb
2. In the descending limb
3. At the hairpin bend
4. Just when it is joining the distal convoluted tubule
Subtopic: Nephron Part 1 | Nephron Part 2 | Concentration of Urine |
55%
Level 3: 35%-60%
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In order to produce concentrated urine, a large amount of water could be reabsorbed in the human kidney from:
| 1. | PCT | 2. | Henle's loop |
| 3. | DCT | 4. | Collecting duct |
Subtopic: Function of the tubules |
Level 3: 35%-60%
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Which parts of the nephron are involved in increasing medullary interstitial osmolarity in the human kidneys?
1. Only I
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II
| I: | Ascending limb of loop of Henle |
| II: | Distal convoluted tubule |
2. Only II
3. Both I and II
4. Neither I nor II
Subtopic: Concentration of Urine |
61%
Level 2: 60%+
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Long loops of Henle on juxtamedullary nephrons allow for greater concentration of urine. For an individual with highly concentrated urine, filtrate entering the loop of Henle is likely to be:
| 1. | more concentrated than filtrate exiting the loop Henle. |
| 2. | less concentrated than filtrate exiting the loop of Henle. |
| 3. | more voluminous than filtrate exiting the loop of Henle. |
| 4. | less voluminous than filtrate exiting the loop of Henle. |
Subtopic: Function of the tubules |
Level 3: 35%-60%
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | Atrial Natriuretic Factor (ANF) mechanism acts as a check on the renin-angiotensin mechanism. |
| Reason (R): | An increase in blood flow to the atria of the heart can cause the release of ANF. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) correctly explains (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) does not correctly explain (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True; (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
Subtopic: Autoregulation of GFR |
Level 3: 35%-60%
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Identify the correct statements:
1. Only I and II
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
| I: | Cartilaginous fishes are ammonotelic. |
| II: | Mammals are ureotelic. |
| III: | Land snails are uricotelic. |
2. Only I and III
3. Only II and III
4. I, II and III
Subtopic: Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
62%
Level 2: 60%+
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Consider the given two statements:
| Statement I: | ADH increases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts of the nephron. |
| Statement II: | ADH secretion is stimulated when blood osmolarity decreases. |
| 1. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is correct. |
| 2. | Statement I is correct; Statement II is incorrect. |
| 3. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is correct. |
| 4. | Statement I is incorrect; Statement II is incorrect. |
Subtopic: Osmoregulation |
Level 3: 35%-60%
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Regarding the location of kidneys:
1. Only I is correct
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
| I: | They are located at the level of T12 – L2-L3 vertebrae |
| II: | Left kidney is slightly lower placed than the right kidney |
2. Only II is correct
3. Both I and II are correct
4. Both I and II are incorrect
Subtopic: Human Kidney: Location & Cut Section |
Level 4: Below 35%
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Consider the given two statements:
| Assertion (A): | The ascending limb of loop of Henle is also called the diluting segment of the nephron. |
| Reason (R): | In the ascending portion, the loop becomes impermeable to water and the cells of the loop actively reabsorb solutes from the luminal fluid. |
| 1. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
Subtopic: Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration 1 | Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration 2 | Formation of Urine: Ultrafiltration |
58%
Level 3: 35%-60%
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