| Assertion (A): | The walls of ventricles are much thicker than that of the atria. |
| Reason (R): | Ventricles pump blood to different organs and the pressure with which the blood flows through them is much more than the auricles. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A) |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A) |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false |
| (a) | Congestion of lungs is one of the main symptoms of heart failure. |
| (b) | Each vein has an inner lining of cuboidal endothelium, called tunica intima. |
| (c) | The cardiac output of an athlete will be much lower than that of an ordinary man. |
| 1. | Only statements (a) and (b) are correct. |
| 2. | Only statements (a) and (c) are correct. |
| 3. | Only statement (c) is correct. |
| 4. | Only statements (b) and (c) are incorrect. |
| a. | Adult human RBCs are enucleated and biconcave in shape |
| b. | The opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle is guarded by mitral valve |
| c. | The duration of a cardiac cycle is 0.8 seconds under normal physiological conditions in an adult human |
| d. | The hepatic portal vein carries blood from intestine into liver before it is delivered to the heart |
| Assertion(A): | Birds and Mammals have double circulation. |
| Reason (R): | Two separate circulatory pathways are present in birds and mammals where the mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood occurs. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true, but (R) is false. |
| 4. | (A) is false, but (R) is true. |
| Assertion (A): | The flow of blood in closed circulatory system is slower than in open circuatory system. |
| Reason (R): | Blood pressure is lower in closed circulatory system. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion (A): | The mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood does not occur in mammalian heart. |
| Reason (R): | Within the heart blood flows in one direction only. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion (A): | All vertebrate have hepatic portal system. |
| Reason (R): | All animals have hepatic portal system. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| Assertion(A): | If an individual stands immobile for a long time, it leads to accumulation of fluids in the leg tissues and swelling in feet. |
| Reason (R): | Contraction of muscles compresses the veins to move the blood inside them. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is true but (R) is false. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are false. |
| 1. | The use of a heart to create pressure gradients necessary for blood flow |
| 2. | The ability to direct the flow of blood to certain tissues |
| 3. | The ability of respiratory pigment to transport O2 |
| 4. | The ability to return blood to the heart |
| 1. | Right atrium of mother |
| 2. | Right atrium of foetus |
| 3. | Left ventricle of mother |
| 4. | Left ventricle of foetus |