| 1. | random and directionless |
| 2. | random and directional |
| 3. | random and small |
| 4. | random, small and directional |
| 1. | About 15 mya, primates called Dryopithecus and Ramapithecus were existing |
| 2. | Ramapithecus was more ape like |
| 3. | Homo erectus had a large brain around 900 cm3 |
| 4. | The brain capacities were between 650 to 800 cm3 of Homo habilis |
| Assertion (A): | The wings of insects and birds are analogous. |
| Reason (R): | The wings of insects and birds evolved independently in widely separated groups, and converged functionally to support powered flight |
| 1. | (A) is False but (R) is True. |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 4. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| Column I | Column II | ||
| A. | Homo habilis | P. | More ape like |
| B. | Homo erectus | Q. | More man like |
| C. | Dryopithecus | R. | Probably did not eat meat. |
| D. | Ramapitehcus | S. | Probably ate meat. |
| A | B | C | D | |
| 1. | R | S | P | Q |
| 2. | S | R | P | Q |
| 3. | S | R | Q | P |
| 4. | R | S | Q | P |
| I: | stabilisation in which more individuals acquire mean character value |
| II: | directional change in which more individuals acquire value other than the mean character value |
| III: | disruption in which more individuals acquire peripheral character value at both ends of the distribution curve |
| 1. | Edge effect | 2. | Genetic bottleneck |
| 3. | Founder effect | 4. | Saltation |