Q. No.Consider the given two statements:
I:
In most ecosystems, all the ecological pyramids are largely upright.
II:
Pyramid of energy can be a notable exception to the above rule.
1. Both I and II are correct.
2. Both I and II are incorrect.
3. Only II is correct.
4. Only I is correct.
2. Both I and II are incorrect.
3. Only II is correct.
4. Only I is correct.
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Of the total solar radiation that falls on the leaves of the plants, about what percent is captured by them?
| 1. | 1 – 5 % | 2. | 2 – 10 % |
| 3. | 40 – 50 % | 4. | 90 – 100 % |
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Consider the two statements:
| I: | Food chains rarely extend for more than 4 or 5 levels. |
| II: | Consumers at each level convert, on an average, only about 10% of the chemical energy in their food to their own organic tissue. |
1. Both I and II are correct and II explains I.
2. Both I and II are correct but II does not explain I.
3. Only I is correct.
4. Both I and II are incorrect.
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Energy flow and nutrient cycling are two important components of an ecosystem. What will be true comparison of the two?
| 1. | The amount of energy is much greater than the amount of nutrients |
| 2. | Organisms always need nutrients, but they don't always need energy |
| 3. | Nutrients are recycled, but energy is not |
| 4. | Organisms always need energy, but they don't always need nutrients |
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The ecological pyramids that can never be inverted in a natural ecosystem include:
| I: | pyramid of numbers |
| II: | pyramid of energy in any ecosystem |
| III: | pyramid of biomass in the sea |
1. Only II
2. Only III
3. Only II and III
4. All can be inverted
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In an open ocean, the pyramid of biomass is often inverted. How can this support higher trophic levels?
| 1. | The food produced by primary producers is of high quality |
| 2. | The primary producers grow and reproduce at high rates |
| 3. | Primary producers are very abundant. |
| 4. | The predators at higher trophic levels are very efficient |
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Net primary productivity is the gross primary productivity minus:
| 1. | that which is consumed by herbivores |
| 2. | that which is consumed by the producer in metabolism |
| 3. | secondary productivity |
| 4. | loss due to mortality |
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| Assertion (A): | Saprophytes play a vital role in the ecosystem. |
| Reason (R): | Saprophytes are accorded the highest trophic level in a food chain or a food web. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
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| Assertion (A): | Some aquatic ecosystems have inverted biomass pyramids. |
| Reason (R): | The pyramid of energy is also inverted in such ecosystems. |
| 1. | Both (A) and (R) are True and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). |
| 2. | Both (A) and (R) are True but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). |
| 3. | (A) is True but (R) is False. |
| 4. | Both (A) and (R) are False. |
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If the carbon atoms fixed by producers already have passed through three species, the trophic level of the last species would be
| 1. | Scavenger | 2. | Tertiary producer |
| 3. | Tertiary consumer | 4. | Secondary consumer |
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