| 1. | Both Hugo de Vries and Darwin believed that it was mutation that caused evolution. |
| 2. | Both Hugo de Vries and Darwin believed that it was minor variations that caused evolution, not mutation. |
| 3. | Mutations are small and directional, while Darwinian variations are random and directionless. |
| 4. | Evolution for Darwin was gradual while de Vries believed mutation caused speciation and hence called it saltation (single-step large mutation). |

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