Q. No.Bulk of carbon dioxide (CO2) released from body tissues into the blood is present as:
1. carbaminohaemoglobin in RBCs
2. bicarbonate in blood plasma and RBCs
3. free CO2 in blood plasma
4. 70% carbaminohaemoglobin and 30% as bicarbonate
1. carbaminohaemoglobin in RBCs
2. bicarbonate in blood plasma and RBCs
3. free CO2 in blood plasma
4. 70% carbaminohaemoglobin and 30% as bicarbonate
Which one of the following is a possibility for most of us in regard to breathing, by making a conscious effort?
| 1. | The lungs can be made fully empty by forcefully breathing out all air from them |
| 2. | One can breathe out air totally without oxygen |
| 3. | One can breathe out air through Eustachian tubes by closing both the nose and the mouth. |
| 4. | One can consciously breathe in and breathe out by moving the diaphragm alone, without moving the ribs at all. |
The majority of carbon dioxide produced by our body cells is transported to the lungs:
1. dissolved in the blood
2. as bicarbonates
3. as carbonates
4. attached to haemoglobin
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
| 1. | The residual air in the lungs slightly decreases the efficiency of respiration in mammals |
| 2. | The presence of non-respiratory air sacs increases the efficiency of respiration in birds |
| 3. | In mammals, circulating body fluids serve to distribute oxygen to tissues |
| 4. | The principle of countercurrent flow facilitates efficient respiration in the gills of fishes |
People living at sea level have around 5 million RBC per cubic millimeter of their blood whereas those living at an altitude of 5400 meters have around 8 million. This is because at high altitudes:
| 1. | people get pollution-free air to breathe and more oxygen is available |
| 2. | atmospheric O2 level is less and hence more RBCs are needed to absorb the required amount of O2 to survive |
| 3. | there is more UV radiation which enhances RBC production |
| 4. | people eat more nutritive food, therefore more RBCs are formed |
The 'blue baby' syndrome results from:
1. excess of chloride
2. methaemoglobin
3. excess of dissolved oxygen
4. excess of TDS (Total Dissolved Solids)
Increased asthmatic attacks in certain seasons are related to:
1. hot and humid environment
2. eating fruits preserved in tin containers
3. inhalation of seasonal pollen
4. low-temperature
1. has a lower affinity for oxygen than that of the adult
2. its affinity for oxygen is the same as stat of an adult
3. has only 2 protein subunits instead of 4
4. has a higher affinity for oxygen than that of an adult.
| 1. | Inspiratory reserve volume plus tidal volume |
| 2. | Total lung capacity minus expiratory reserve volume |
| 3. | Inspiratory reserve volume plus expiratory reserve volume |
| 4. | Total lung capacity minus residual volume |
Which two of the following changes (a – d) usually tend to occur in the plain dwellers when they move to high altitudes (3,500 m or more)?
| (a) | Increase in red blood cell size |
| (b) | Increase in red blood cell production |
| (c) | Increased breathing rate |
| (d) | Increase in thrombocyte count |
Changes occurring are:
1. (b) and (c)
2. (c) and (d)
3. (a) and (d)
4. (a) and (b)
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