Regarding the control of water balance by the kidneys:

1. The renal medulla has an osmotic gradient that decreases from the border with the cortex to the renal papilla.
2. ADH is secreted by anterior pituitary in response to a decrease in the osmolality of the blood.
3. A normal person cannot produce urine with an osmolality greater than 300 mOsmil.kg-1.
4. ADH acts on the cells of the collecting ducts to increase their permeability to water.

Subtopic:  Autoregulation of GFR |
 54%
From NCERT
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Describe urine in relationship to glomerular filtration tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion urine:

1. glomerular filtration + tubular reabsorption + tubular secretion 
2. glomerular filtration - tubular reabsorption -tubular secretion 
3. glomerular filtration + tubular reabsorption -tubular secretion 
4. glomerular filtration -tubular reabsorption +tubular secretion 
Subtopic:  Formation of Urine |
 55%
From NCERT
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Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH) will promote a(n) ________ in the excretion of sodium and water; thus ________ blood volume and blood pressure.

1. decrease, decreasing

2. decrease; increasing

3. increase, decreasing

4. increase, increasing

Subtopic:  Autoregulation of GFR |
 58%
From NCERT
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Match each item in Column I with one item in Column II and chose your answer from the codes given below:

Column I

(animal)

Column II

(excretory product)

I. Aquatic turtles

II. Crocodiles

III. Humans

1. ammonia and urea

2. urea and CO2

3. ammonia and uric acid

Codes:

                I            II            III

1.             1            2             3

2.             2            3             1

3.             2            1             3

4.             1            3             2

Subtopic:  Nitrogenous Excretory Products |
 75%
From NCERT
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Removal of proximal convoluted tubule from the nephron will result in

(1) more diluted urine

(2) more concentrated urine

(3) no change in quality and quantity of urine

(4) no urine formation

Subtopic:  Nephron Part 1 | Formation of Urine |
 61%
NEET - 2015
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Which of the following statements is correct?

1. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water

2. The descending limb of loop of Henle is impermeable to water

3. The ascending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to water

4. The descending limb of loop of Henle is permeable to electrolytes

Subtopic:  Formation of Urine |
 81%
From NCERT
NEET - 2017
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The part of nephron involved in active reabsorption of sodium is

1. distal convoluted tubule

2. proximal convoluted tubule

3. Bowman's capsule

4. descending limb of Henle's loop

Subtopic:  Formation of Urine |
 57%
From NCERT
NEET - 2016
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In mammals, which blood vessel would normally carry largest amount of urea?

(1) Dorsal Aorta             

(2) Hepatic Vein

(3) Hepatic Portal vein     

(4) Renal vein

Subtopic:  Human Kidney: Functions |
NEET - 2016
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Human urine is usually acidic because

1. the sodium transporter exchanges one hydrogen ion for each sodium ion, in peritubular

capillaries

2. excreted plasma proteins are' acidic

3. potassium and sodium exchange generates acidity

4. hydrogen ions are actively secreted into the filtrate

Subtopic:  Formation of Urine |
 68%
NEET - 2015
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Which of the following does not favor the formation of large quantities of dilute urine?

1. Alcohol 

2. Caffeine

3. Renin 

4. Atrial-natriuretic factor

Subtopic:  Autoregulation of GFR |
 57%
From NCERT
NEET - 2015
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